Prevalence of intestinal parasites in newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients in Ilorin, Nigeria

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dc.contributor.authorObateru OA
dc.contributor.authorBojuwoye BJ
dc.contributor.authorOlokoba AB
dc.contributor.authorFadeyi A
dc.contributor.authorFowotade A
dc.contributor.authorOlokoba LB
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-26T11:50:20Z
dc.date.available2022-07-26T11:50:20Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.descriptionAlexandria Journal of Medicine
dc.description.abstractBackground Human immune-deficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome predisposes to opportunistic parasitic infestations of the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in newly diagnosed treatment naïve HIV/AIDS patients. Methods This hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from December 2010 to June 2011. Questionnaires were administered to 238 HIV/AIDS subjects, and 238 age and sex-matched controls. CD4+ T cell count was carried out on HIV-positive subjects. Stool samples were examined using direct microscopic and modified Ziehl-Neelsen methods. Positivity of intestinal parasites was taken as the presence of worms, oocyst, cyst, ova or larvae in the stool samples. Results Ninety males and 148 females were studied for the HIV-positive and HIV-negative controls respectively. Intestinal parasitic infestation in HIV-positive subjects was 68.5%, and was significantly higher than in the HIV-negative controls 49.2% (P<0.05). In HIV-positive subjects, Cryptosporidium spp. was the commonest (55.0%) parasite isolated. Others were Cyclospora cayetanensis (41.2%), Isospora belli (3.0%), Entamoeba histolytica (8.4%), Giardia lamblia (3.7%), Ascaris lumbricoides (2.5%), Strongyloides stercoralis (1.7%), Trichuris trichiura (0.8%) and Schistosoma mansoni (0.4%). HIV-positive patients with CD4+ T cell count of less than 200 cells/ul were more at risk of opportunistic parasites compared to the HIV-negative controls. Conclusion The prevalence of intestinal parasites in newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS individuals was high, and its association with CD4+ T cell count was demonstrated. Routine screening for parasitic infestations at diagnosis is indicated to reduce the burden of the disease.
dc.identifier.citation10.1016/j.ajme.2016.04.001
dc.identifier.issn2090-5068
dc.identifier.urihttps://nerd.ethesis.ng/handle/123456789/271
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectIntestinal parasites
dc.subjectHIV/AIDS
dc.subjectNewly diagnosed
dc.subjectTreatment naive
dc.subjectAdults
dc.titlePrevalence of intestinal parasites in newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients in Ilorin, Nigeria
dc.typeArticle
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