Browsing by Author "Oboh G"

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    Influence of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) enriched ice creams on rats’ brain: Exploring the redox and cholinergic systems
    (2022) Ademosun AO; Oboh G; Ajeigbe OF
    The broad application of Moringa oleifera leaves in the treatment of numerous diseases is prevalent globally where it extends to the management of diabetes, hypertension, inflammation, hypercholesterolemia and neurodegenerative diseases. This study provides findings on the role of Moringa oleifera leaves (MO) [MO leaves] formulated ice creams on brain cholinergic enzymes [acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)], antioxidant enzymes, glycemic index and blood lipid profile of rats. Thirty (30) adult male rats acclimatized for 2 weeks were divided into five groups: Group 1 rats received commercial ice cream, Group 2 rats were received plain ice-cream, Group 3, 4 and 5 received 0.5 g, 1.0 g and 2.0 g of MO-formulated ice creams. Rats were fed on normal pellets and exposed to ice creams produced from whipping cream, skimmed milk and Moringa oleifera leaves for 30 consecutive days. Following administration, results from this study revealed that rats that received Moringa formulated ice-creams had reduced brain butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes activities, glycemic index (GI), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and significantly increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level in the plasma while revealing elevated brain antioxidant status (Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT)) when compared against rats consuming commercial ice creams. Therefore, results from this study attests to the intake of ice creams made from blends of Moringa leaves in the reduction of rats’ body weight, glycemic index and lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL-C), inhibition of brain cholinergic enzymes (AChE and BChE) while increasing brain antioxidant enzymes activities (SOD and CAT).
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    Mistletoe infested Moringa oleifera and Terminalia catappa leaves supplemented diet enhances antioxidant and insulin-like peptide mRNA levels in Drosophila melanogaster
    (2022) Oyeniran OH; Oboh G; Ademiluyi AO; Umar HI
    Moringa and Almond are common plants of medicinal and economic value which are often infested with mistletoe. Host plants’ infestation could result in major differences in their phytoconstituents and biological activities. Thus, effects of mistletoe infestation on Moringa and Almond host plants supplemented diets on mRNA expression levels of Drosophila insulin-like peptide-2 (Dilp2), heat shock protein-70 (Hsp70) and superoxide dismutase (Sod) in diabetic-like flies were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR system. Mistletoe infestation on host leaves caused significant upregulation of Sod and significant downregulation of Hsp70 and Dilp2 genes. Hence, we opined that infestation of Moringa and Almond trees with mistletoe resulted in improved expression level of antioxidant and insulin-like peptide genes. This may be the mechanism by which host plants caused enhanced regulation of circulating glucose and oxidative stress. Therefore, consumption of mistletoe infested Moringa and Almond host leaves could possibly offer better antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects.
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    Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn. and Momordica charantia L extracts improve memory function, attenuate cholinergic and purinergic dysfunction, and suppress oxidative stress in the brain of doxorubicin–treated rats
    (2022) Oyeleye SI; Olasehinde TA; Fasakin OW; Oboh G; Saliu JA
    Background Phyllanthus amarus (P.A) and Momordica charantia (M.C) are common herbs known for their various pharmacological importance. However, limited studies have been done regarding their neuroactive effect. This study investigates the role of Phyllanthus amarus (P.A) and Momordica charantia (M.C) extracts on cognitive behavior and some neurochemicals associated with memory function in rats administered with doxorubicin (DOX). Methodology Normal rats were pre-treated with P.A and M.C (200 and 400 mg/kg bwt.) for 14 days, while on the last day, DOX (15 mg/kg bwt. i.p.) was administered in a single dose. The cognitive behavior was evaluated using Y-maze and Morris Water Maze Tests. Thereafter, the biochemical assays [acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), arginase, 5′- nucleotidase, adenosine deaminase (ADA), angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE), and catalase activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, and non-protein thiol levels] were determined in rats’ brains. The extracts were characterized using a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Result P.A and M.C extract restored cognitive behavior, nootropic-related enzyme activities, and improved antioxidant biomarkers altered by DOX. Furthermore, phenolic characterization of the extracts revealed gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic, and ellagic acids, catechin, epicatechin, rutin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, quercetin, and kaempferol. Molecular docking analysis revealed that all the phenolic compounds detected in the studied plants had binding affinities for ACE, AChE, 5′-nucleotidase, and ADA proteins as the target proteins. Conclusion Extract from P.A and M.C effectively suppressed DOX-induced neurotoxicity by improving brain antioxidant status. Thus, they could play a significant role in restoring cognitive function altered by DOX treatment.