Browsing by Author "Malomo SA"

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    Biochemical Ameliorating Potential of Optimized Dough Meal from Plantain (Musa AAB), Soycake (Glycine max) and Rice bran (Oryza sativa) Flour Blends in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats
    (2022) Olugbuyi AO; Oladipo GO; Malomo SA; Ijarotimi SO; Fagbemi TN
    Research is gradually drifting towards the adoption of food as therapy for the management of diseases that result from metabolic derangement, in extension genetic diseases can as well be managed by a functional and nutritional diet that will maintain the health of an individual through life. Diabetes Mellitus is not an exception. This study was aimed at formulating functional diets from blends of plantain, soycake, and rice bran flours. They were processed into the dough and referred to as optimized flour blends and dough meals. The 100% Plantain flour (PLTF) and 100% cerolina (CERF) serve as the positive and negative controls. The protein efficiency ratio of the optimized flour blends and dough meal samples fed on rats ranged between 0.73 in PLTF – 3.23 in PSRD. The flour blends were less digestible than the dough meal flour. The dough meal flours (PLTD, CERD, and PSRD) have higher α–amylase inhibitory activity than the flour samples (PLTF, CERF, and PSRF). The PSRD has the highest α–amylase inhibition (30%) and was significantly higher than others.Inhibition against α- glucosidase activity ranged from 25% (PLTD) to 32% (PSRD). The raw flours (PLTF, CERF, and PSRF) have lessα–glucosidase inhibition than dough meal samples. Rats fed with the optimized diets enhanced the endogenous antioxidant status by elevating the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione transferase (GST) in the liver, while the diet depressed the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and xanthine oxidase (XO). The optimized dough meal has high alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase activities which are key enzymes implicated in diabetes mellitus; hence, the sample has the potential to be used as dietary intervention to modulate DM and hypertension.
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    Phytochemical constituents and assessment of crude extracts from Boerhavia diffusa L. and Lonchocarpus sericeus (Poir.) Kunth ex DC. leaves for antioxidant and antibacterial activities
    (2022) Adeku E; Osundahunsi OF; Malomo SA; Asasile II; Owolabi OM; Oyewole G
    Medicinal plants have been used by humans for therapeutic purposes since ancient times. Hence, this study investigated the human health benefits of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Boerhavia diffusa and Lonchocarpus sericeus leaves after these solvents’ extraction. The ethanolic L. sericeus extract (ELS), aqueous L. sericeus extract (ALS), ethanolic B. diffusa extract (EBD) and aqueous B. diffusa extract (ABD), were respectively evaluated for their phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Results showed that both plant species have various constituents such as flavonoid (7.11–21.05%), alkaloid (2.00–8.00%), oxalate (1.98- 3.51 mg/g), saponin (3.00–16.00%), tannin (9.70–18.10 mg/100 g), total phenol (7.36- 18.26 mg/100 g) and phytate (225.64–394.88 mg/100 g), respectively. The ethanolic extracts of the leaves showed higher phytochemicals values than the aqueous extracts, with the highest values in the L. sericeus species, which might be due to the less polarity nature of ethanol solvent when compared to the aqueous solvent. The antioxidant results showed that the ethanolic extracts of the L. sericeus species had higher DPPH (78.61%), ABTS (75.57%), Fe2+ chelation (72.13%), FRAP (2.89 mg AAE/g) and hydroxyl radical scavengers (79.81%) than the ethanolic extracts of the B. diffusa species (58.20%, 71.46%, 61.03%, 2.72 mg AAE/g, 66.58%), respectively. The leaves extracts possessed remarkable antibacterial effects against the selected bacterial strains such as Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and S. typhimurium. For instance, the ethanolic leaves extracts showed better inhibitory performances (2–14 mm) than the aqueous extracts (1–8 mm). Therefore, the study recorded the best activities from the ethanolic extracts of Lonchocarpus sericeus plant. Hence, the study substantiated the fact that the effective antibacterial performances of the ethanolic leaves extract is dependent on its high antioxidant capacities as well as the species of plants being used.
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    Quality attributes and consumer acceptability of custard supplemented with Bambara groundnut protein isolates
    (2022) Arise AK; Malomo SA; Awaw AA; Arise RO
    Custard, a sole cornstarch-made weaning food in developing country, was enriched with Bambara groundnut protein isolate (BPI) in order to increase its protein content and reduce the cases of protein energy- malnutrition (PEM) that accounted for average global deaths in children. The pasting and functional properties, proximate and amino acid compositions as well as sensory attributes of the supplemented products were determined and evaluated according to the standard methods. The CS-BPI blends had low setback (1636-1186 RVU) but high peak time (5.14-5.37 min) and pasting temperature (75.30-79.57 °C) when compared with the control sample (100% CS). Although, the functional properties of the blends significantly (p < 0.05) decreased at the elevated BPI inclusion but their water interaction (WAC) and gelatinization temperature increased appropriately. Moreso, the CS-BPI blends had high essential and non-essential (∼2-8 and 3-11 g/100 g protein) but low sulphur-containing amino acids, respectively. Majorly, the carbohydrate (56.56 %) and moisture contents of the control (37.61 %) increased with elevated BPI levels in the supplemented samples (41-53%), which might be attributed to the increase in their WAC (67-91%) when compared to 100% CS (60.83%). Meanwhile, the protein content (∼12%) of the CS-BPI blends is 500-fold higher than 100% CS (2.28%). The increase in the protein contents of the blends observably led to a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the carbohydrate contents of the blend formulations. The 80% CS + 20% BPI blend was the most acceptable sample when compared to the control sample (100% CS), hence could be useful to combat PEM cases.