Browsing by Author "Ajiboye BO"

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    Phytochemical properties and pharmacological activities of the genus Pennisetum: A review
    (2022) Ojo OA; Ojo AB; Barnabas M; Iyobhebhe M; Elebiyo TC; Evbuomwan IO; Michael T; Ajiboye BO; Oyinloye BE; Oloyede OI
    Background The genus Pennisetum contains remarkable natural bioactive components, and its 140 species are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical countries, where they are frequently used for therapeutic purposes such as the treatment of dysentery, fever, diabetes, and abdominal pain by indigenous people. However, the available information for this genus has not been thoroughly researched in terms of their bioactive principles and extracts. Aim of the review The current review provides a profound perception, enhanced understanding, and comprehensive information on the traditional uses, phytochemical compounds, and biological activities of the genus Pennisetum, as well as toxicological perspectives. Furthermore, the significance of ethnopharmacological uses, application, and the beneficial potential of Pennisetum species for the management of a variety of diseases were thoroughly discussed. Materials and methods The significant data of Pennisetum species was obtained through a thorough review of scientific articles published in a variety of databases, including Elsevier, Wiley, Web of Science, Springer, PubMed, Taylor and Francis, and Google Scholar. Furthermore, PhD and MSc theses were used in compiling and evaluating data obtained. Results The ethnopharmacological applications of Pennisetum genus plants in various countries were established through detailed analysis of the aforementioned databases and thesis. So far, only a few species' chemical compositions and a total of 35 metabolites (excluding amino acids and fatty acid constituents) have been studied, including saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, anthocyanin phenols, terpenoids, and others. The crude extracts were found to have antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-cytotoxic, anti-hypertensive, and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, the significance of ethnopharmacological applications, application, and the positive potential of Pennisetum species for the management of a variety of disorders was thoroughly examined. Conclusions Although there are significant gaps in comprehending the traditional applications in the current available data, Pennisetum spp. are known to be rich in flavonoids, phenols, fatty acids, and amino acids with favorable medicinal characteristics. However, more research into the chemical makeup of innovative plant-derived medications is still needed. Furthermore, high-quality preclinical studies using a unique strategy are needed to assess the efficacy, safety, and mechanism of these plants.
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    Polypharmacology of Gongronema latifolium leaf secondary metabolites against protein kinases implicated in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease
    (2021) Oyinloye BE; Iwaloye O; Ajiboye BO
    Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are one of the major health concerns around the globe; Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the most prevalent form of NDD. Protein kinases (PKs), common protein domains implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, are regulatory protein of cell functions; and play a pivotal role in signal transduction. Hence, this study considered the computational screening of secondary metabolites form Gongronema latifolium leaf for their inhibitory activities against the three prevalent PKs leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), GSK3β (glycogen kinase 3β) and MAPK14 associated with the onset of AD and PD. The compounds were initially screened against LRRK2, GSK3β and MAPK14 by molecular docking to retrieve the hits. Nine (9) compounds were chosen and calculated for binding free energy to determine their stability with the proteins. The Lipinski, Ghose, Veber and Egan rules were considered to predict the compounds drug-likeness, in addition to drug-drug interaction and GI absorption. 2D QSAR models were constructed using a Kernel-based PLS regression model with Canvas binary fingerprint as the X variable. From the selected nine-hit with favourable stability with the proteins, 4 flavonoids (Catechin, Gallocatechin, Butein and Isorhamnetin) showed drug-likeness attributes with a low tendency for drug-drug interaction and high GI absorption. The generated QSAR models also predicted moderate pIC50 values for these compounds against the three PKs. This study will help in future endeavours for finding effective therapy for AD and PD.