Browsing by Author "Ajayi FA"

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    Biochemical and histological investigation on the protective effect of poly-herbal extract in high salt diet-fed male Wistar rats
    (2021) Olorunnisola OS; Adegbola PI; Ajilore BS; Abijo AZ; Ajayi FA; Fadahunsi OS
    Background Through different mechanisms, excessive intake of dietary salt has been documented as a risk factor for the development of elevated blood pressure and organ dysfunction. Therefore, this study evaluated the efficacy of combined extracts of four medicinal plants against high salt diet-induced succinate dehydrogenase depletion and alteration in vital organ (kidney, liver, and cardiac) hemostasis. Methods Thirty-five male Wistar rats with an average weight of 130 g were divided into 5 groups of 7 animals each. Group 1 and 2 rats were fed with normal rat chow (NRC) and 16% high salt diet (HSD) only respectively. Rats in groups 3, 4, and 5 were fed with 16% HSD and 800, 400, and 200 mg/kg poly-herbal extract (PHE), respectively, once daily for 4 weeks. The concentration and activities of creatinine, urea, sodium, magnesium, chloride, potassium, albumin, globulin, total protein, and alkaline phosphate (ALP) were estimated in the serum. Aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST and ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were estimated in the serum, liver, and aorta. The result revealed that the combined extract significantly (p < 0.05) lowered HSD-induced elevated serum concentration of kidney function markers and electrolytes. More so, a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in serum and tissue activities of liver and cardiac function markers was demonstrated by the poly-herbal extract. No significant changes were observed in serum albumin and globulin level, however total protein and tissue activities of SDH were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated by the PHE. The histopathological examination showed to a large extent, the extract conferred significant protection on the cytoarchitecture of the kidney, liver, and aorta. Conclusion Conclusively, combined plants extract protected against high salt diet-induced biochemical and histological derangement in male Wistar rats.
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    Phyllanthus amarus attenuated derangement in renal-cardiac function, redox status, lipid profile and reduced TNF-α, interleukins-2, 6 and 8 in high salt diet fed rats
    (2021) Olorunnisola OS; Fadahunsi OS; Adegbola PI; Ajilore BS; Ajayi FA; Olaniyan LW
    High salt diet (HSD) has been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of immune derangement, cardiovascular disorders and, metabolic syndromes. This study investigated the protective effect of ethanol extract of Phyllanthus amarus (EEPA) against high salt diet (HSD) induced biochemical and metabolic derangement in male Wistar rats. The rats were divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each as follows; control group fed with normal rat chow, negative control group, fed HSD only, animals on HSD treated orally with 75 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and, 150 mg/kg EEPA once daily. At the end of 8 weeks treatment, lipid profile (TG, TC, LDL, and VLDL), oxidative stress (catalase, reduced glutathione, and malondialdehyde), inflammatory (TNF-a, interleukins 2, 6, and 8), cardiac (lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase) and kidney function markers (urea, uric acid, creatinine) were assessed. Serum TG, TC, LDL, and VLDL content were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in HSD-only fed rats, while HDL was significantly elevated in a concentration-dependent manner in EEPA treated animals. The extract produced a significant (p < 0.05) and dose-dependent increase in the antioxidant enzymes activities and a significant reduction in the malondialdehyde level. A significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent reduction in serum TNF-alpha, IL-2, 6, and 8 of EEPA treated rats compared with HSD-fed rats was observed. More so, reduction in serum LDH, creatine kinase, creatinine, urea, and uric acid activity of extract-treated animals were noted. EEPA attenuated high salt diet-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and dyslipidemia in rats.