Browsing by Author "Adelakun SA"

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    Bioactive component of aqueous extract of Solanum melongena ameliorate estradiol valerate induced ovarian-pituitary dysfunctions in female Sprague–Dawley rats: Histomorphological and biochemical evidence
    (2022) Adelakun SA; Akintunde OW; Akingbade GT; Adedotun OA
    Background Estradiol valerate (EV) is known to cause hypothalamic-pituitary dysregulation of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone. This study focused on the impact of aqueous extract of Solanum melongena (SM) on EV-induced ovarian-pituitary dysfunction in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Thirty-two healthy female Sprague Dawley rats weighing (8 weeks old; weight 150–200 g) were randomly divided into four groups of eight (n = 8) rats each. Group A received 2 ml of distilled water, Group B received a single dose of 4 mg/kg body weight (bwt) of EV (i.p), Group C received 500 mg/kg bwt SM extract orally and Group D received a single dose of 4 mg/kg bwt of EV (i.p) and 500 mg/kg bwt of SM orally, the experiment lasted for 21days. The following parameters body weight, pituitary gland weight, ovary weight, ovary, and pituitary gland histomorphology, total antioxidant status (TOS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), progesterone, FSH, LH, Testosterone, and estradiol were assessed. Results Estradiol valerate decreases the number of healthy follicles, progesterone, estradiol, HDL, and TAS. And increase degenerated cystic follicles, TT, FSH, LH, triglyceride, TC, LAL, TOS, and OSI. Pituitary gland showed degenerative changes, characterized by neutrophil infiltrations and loss of cellular projections marked improvement was observed in the ovary, pituitary gland, hormone, and biochemical parameters after SM administration. Conclusion Solanum melongena offers protection against EV-induced ovarian-pituitary dysfunctions evidence by restoration of oxidative stress markers, steroidogenesis, and histopathological alterations back to control level.
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    Cyperus esculentus suppresses hepato-renal oxidative stress, inflammation, and caspase-3 activation following chronic exposure to sodium fluoride in rats’ model
    (2022) Adelakun SA; Ogunlade B; Fidelis OP; Adedotun OA
    Background Death arising from hepato-renal related diseases is on the increase. Cyperus esculentus (CE) possesses antioxidants potentials. This study aim at investigating the effect of Cyperus esculentus on sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats. Methods Twenty-four male rats weighting (10–12 weeks old, 200± 20 g) randomized into group A (control) received 1 ml normal saline; group B administered 5 mg/kg bwt of NaF; group C received 500 mg/kg bwt CE; group D received 5 mg/kg bwt NaF and 500 mg/kg bwt CE through gastric gavage for 30 days. Liver and kidney histology, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatinine (Cr), and Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Hepatic and renal nitric oxide (NO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), caspase-3, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were performed. Results The observed increases in AST, ALT, ALP, LHD, Cr, and BUN were alleviated in NaF+CE treated rats. The reduction of antioxidant activity was assuaged in rats treated with NaF+CE. In addition, NaF increases liver and kidney MDA, NO, MPO TNF-α, IL-1β, and caspase-3 activity, significantly decreases in rats treated with NaF+CE. Histological observation showed swelling glomeruli and renal tubules lesion while the liver sections showed an extensive histopathological change in NaF exposed rats. However, the intervention of CE alleviated the severity of histopathological lesions induced by NaF. Conclusion Therefore, CE ameliorate NaF-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and caspase 3 activation in the liver and kidney of the rats.
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    Therapeutic effects of aqueous extract of bioactive active component of Ageratum conyzoides on the ovarian-uterine and hypophysis-gonadal axis in rat with polycystic ovary syndrome: Histomorphometric evaluation and biochemical assessment
    (2022) Adelakun SA; Ukwenya VO; Peter AB; Siyanbade AJ; Akinwumiju CO
    Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder, affecting women of reproductive age. Ageratum conyzoïdes (AGC) is used traditionally in the treatment of fever, rheumatism, and ulcer. This study investigates the effects of AGC on ovarian-uterine in PCOS rats. Methods Female rats were randomized into four groups (n = 6). Group A control received 2 ml distilled water. Group B received a single dose of 4 mg/kg body weight (bwt) i.p estradiol valerate (EV). Group C received 500 mg/kg bwt AGC and group D received a single dose of 4 mg/kg bwt i.p EV followed by 500 mg/kg bwt AGC orally for 30 days. Parameters tested include follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), total protein (TP), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and ovary and uterus histomorphometric. Results Ageratum conyzoides decrease insulin resistance, obesity indices, TC, TG, LDL, MDA, T, LH, FSH, CRP, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF- α in PCOS rats. And increase HDL, E2, P, TP, CAT, and SOD in PCOS rats. AGC improved ovary and uterus histo-architecture, tertiary, and Graafian follicles, corpus luteum and endometrial thickness increased,and cystic and atretic follicles decreased. Conclusion Ageratum conyzoides improved insulin sensitivity, antioxidant activities, hormonal imbalance, inflammatory makers, and histological changes in PCOS rats. Therefore AGC can be used as a potential adjuvant agent in the treatment of PCOS.